The Academy of Geneva was established in 1559 under politically difficult circumstances. Especially under Theodore Beza (1519–1605), who was also instrumental in the creation of two chairs of law in 1566 and a chair of medicine in 1567, the academy flourished and . . . Continue reading →
Author Archives: Inwoo Lee
Polanus: The Righteousness Imputed To The Believer Is Real Righteousness
The righteousness of Jesus Christ by which we are justified before God is the most perfect obedience to the whole divine law, consisting of most exact conformity of the whole human nature of Christ and of all His actions and sufferings, internal . . . Continue reading →
Owen: Law and Gospel
The law is connatural to him; his domestic, his old acquaintance came into the world with him, and hath grown up with him from his infancy. It was implanted in his heart by nature, is his own reason; he can never shake . . . Continue reading →
Owen: Yes, Christ Fulfilled The Law
[W]e do affirm that Christ fulfilled the law for us submitting to the obedience of it, and performing all that righteousness which of us it requires, that we might have a complete righteousness wherewith to appear before God. And this is that . . . Continue reading →
Vitringa: The Gospel—A Light Accompanied By Warmth
But the word of the gospel explains to a man the riches of divine love and grace. This word of grace offers the remission of sins and eternal life to the one who believes in Christ Jesus the true Mediator. It gently . . . Continue reading →
William Eyre: Failure To Distinguish Law And Gospel Lets In Innumerable Errors
That which overthrows the main difference, between the Law and Gospel, ought not be admitted; for the confounding of them will open an in-let to innumerable errors; nay by this means the Gospel itself will become a mere cypher. The Apostle [Paul] . . . Continue reading →
Trent Is Nature, Heidelberg Is Grace
We all naturally hold to the article of justification expressed in the Council of Trent, Continue reading
Perkins: As Soon As One Believes
For so soon as a man believes, he is presently justified. For every believer has… Continue reading →
Wollebius On The Good News
Owen: The Loss Of Justification Sola Fide Leads To Rome Or Atheism
I shall take the boldness, therefore, to say, whoever be offended by it, that if we lose the ancient doctrine of justification
Merry Christmas From Martin Luther
This is a wonderful story to tell about very great men and pillars of the churches. Paul is the only one who has his eyes open and sees the sin of Peter, Barnabas, and the other Jews, who were acting insincerely along . . . Continue reading →
Perkins: The Sum Of Covenant Of Grace Was Given In Paradise
[G]od gave the covenant of grace in the beginning to our first parents in paradise, the sum whereof was this: ‘The seed of the woman shall break the serpent’s head.’
William Perkins On Justification (2)
In connection with Trent and Bellarmine’s stance on purgatory and the sacrifice of the Mass was Rome’s doctrine of a second justification. Bellarmine’s Scriptural basis for a second justification was Romans 3—which he saw as the first justification, and James 2—which he saw as the second justification. For Perkins, James 2 was for the justified because of Christ, “outward testimonies of the truth of our faith and profession, proving that the grace of our hearts is not in hypocrisy, but in truth and sincerity.” In other words, James 2 spoke not of justification in the same sense as Paul in Romans, but in a completely different sense, scope, and design, James 2:21 is in the demonstrative for Abraham’s “works did testify that his faith was true and sincere. Continue reading →
William Perkins On Justification
Perkins objected to Rome’s sacrifice of the Mass. For Perkins, this doctrine was attached to erroneous views of Christology, Christ’s propitiatory suffering unto death, and in turn the doctrine of justification. One of Perkins’s clearest Christological statements is found in his treatise, A Warning Against the Idolatry of the Last Times (1601), where he wrote, “For He in one person is perfect God and perfect man, our only Redeemer all-sufficient in Himself, and therefore perfect king, priest, prophet; without either partner or fellow in the work of man’s salvation.” Continue reading →
Owen: We Are Sanctified Because We Are Justified But We Are Not Justified Because We Are Sanctified
Now, to be justified is to be freed from the guilt of sin, or to have all our sins pardoned, and to have a righteousness wherewith to appear before God, so as to be accepted with him, and a right to the . . . Continue reading →
Owen: Either We Are Justified Sola Fide Or By An Inherent Righteousness
It is true, that all those who place the formal cause or reason of our justification in ourselves, or our inherent righteousness, and so either directly or by just consequence, deny all imputation of the righteousness of Christ unto our justification,
Luther: Find A Church Where This Is Preached Weekly
Simul Iustus Et Peccator Is Still True
Therefore, whoever is justified is still a sinner; and yet he is considered fully and perfectly righteous by God who pardons and is merciful. Martin Luther | The Disputation Concerning Justification (1536) | Luther’s Works, 34:152–53 (HT: Inwoo Lee) RESOURCES How To . . . Continue reading →
Luther: Before The Fall We Had No Need Of Christ
Before the Fall, Adam did not need Christ, for he was righteous by his own nature, through the law of perfect nature he loved the law. But after the Fall all need Christ. Martin Luther | The Disputation Concerning Justification (October, 1536) . . . Continue reading →
Perkins On The Order In Which To Read The New Testament
“[P]roceed to the reading of the Scriptures in this order:…read first the epistle of Paul to the Romans [and], after that, the Gospel of John (as being indeed the keys of the New Testament).” William Perkins (1558–1602) | The Art of Prophesying| . . . Continue reading →
Perkins: The Remedy For Our Need Is To Be Clothed With Christ
For the King of heaven has long invited us to the marriage of His Son. We have yielded ourselves to be His guests. And there is a time when the King will take a survey of all His guests, whether they have . . . Continue reading →