It consists (1) in the advent of the Messiah, his manifestation in the flesh and the fulfillment of the whole law by him (namely, of its ceremonies, prophecies and the entire righteousness prescribed by God in the law). (2) In the abrogation of all the ceremonies and of the whole legal dispensation by which the covenant of grace was veiled. (3) In the effusion of the Holy Spirit, both visible (as to extraordinary gifts) and invisible and perpetual (as to the ordinary gifts necessary for salvation to every believer, which is stated as a peculiar benefit of the New Testament in Joel 2:28–32). First, with respect to the extraordinary gifts: although enjoyed by certain persons under the Old Testament, yet as they were very few did not belong to the church. With respect to the ordinary gifts, which are both greater intensively (as to degree of light, trust, consolation) and extensively (as to parts because it teaches all things [Jn. 16:13; 1 Jn. 2:20] and as to object because it teaches all from the greatest to the least [Heb. 8:11]).
Francis Turretin | Institutes of Elenctic Theology, 12.7.46, ed. James T. Dennison Jr., trans. George Musgrave Giger, vol. 2 (P&R Publishing, 1992–97), 232.
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